Business case documents and project plans are useful tools for identifying and proposing solutions to business issues. A business case document explores multiple potential solutions to a problem, while a project plan focuses on a single, chosen solution. Since there are usually several ways to address a business issue, starting with a business case document can be helpful. Once the most suitable solution is selected, a project plan outlining the steps to implement that solution can be developed.

1. Problem Identification and Analysis

Begin by clearly defining the problem, including specific details such as who is involved and when and where the issue occurs. Clarity is crucial for a comprehensive understanding. Next, identify the root cause and contributing factors through a cause-and-effect analysis. Consider both tangible and intangible elements like equipment, business processes, or attitudes that may be affecting the situation. For example, high employee turnover might be due to inadequate hiring practices, lack of HR training, ineffective skills testing, or poor communication between HR and department managers.

2. Brainstorm Possible Solutions

In this phase, identify and explore all possible solutions to the problem. Start by brainstorming and listing potential solutions, each addressing a contributing factor. Provide detailed descriptions of each option. For instance, solutions for reducing high employee turnover could include establishing a formal HR department, offering additional training for those responsible for hiring, implementing computerized skills testing, or creating a communication protocol between HR and department managers.

3. Analyze and Prioritize

Conduct a cost-benefit analysis for each potential solution and prioritize them based on their effectiveness and cost-efficiency. The analysis should include estimated costs, projected financial and intangible benefits, and a timeframe for when the solution will yield results. In some cases, the most cost-effective approach might be to take no action, depending on the problem’s severity and its potential long-term impact on the business.

4. Create a Project Plan

The final step is to select a solution and develop a project plan. A comprehensive solution plan includes project goals, a list of deliverables, and a timeline for project completion. It should also include supporting documentation, such as personnel and resource requirements, a communication strategy, and a risk identification and management plan..